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1.
Arch. pediatr. Urug ; 92(2): e305, dic. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, UY-BNMED | ID: biblio-1278305

ABSTRACT

Las afecciones respiratorias agudas son la primera causa de consulta e ingreso hospitalario en los meses de invierno, y entre ellas el asma ocupa un lugar preponderante. El salbutamol es un broncodilatador con eficacia demostrada en las exacerbaciones y se utiliza de primera línea en el tratamiento. El objetivo de la presente comunicación es analizar dos casos clínicos de niños asmáticos que presentaron efectos adversos al salbutamol y requirieron el ingreso en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. Se propone revisar los efectos adversos del salbutamol empleado en crisis asmáticas y analizar las alternativas terapéuticas en esta enfermedad. Los síntomas de los efectos secundarios pueden confundirse con los causados por la propia enfermedad, por lo que puede usarse el fármaco de modo excesivo y es importante conocer el perfil posológico y caracterizar los posibles efectos secundarios en los pacientes para usar de manera racional y segura este medicamento.


Acute respiratory conditions are the first cause of consultation and hospital admission in the Winter months, being asthma the most important. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator with proven efficacy in exacerbations used first-line in treatment. The objective of this paper is to analyze two clinical cases of asthmatic children who presented adverse effects to salbutamol and required admission to the Intensive Care Unit. It is proposed to review the adverse effects of salbutamol used in asthmatic crises and to analyze therapeutic alternatives in this disease. Symptoms of side effects can be confused with those caused by the disease itself, determining the excessive use of this drug, thus, it is important to know the dosage profile and characterize the possible side effects to make rational and safe use of this drug.


As doenças respiratórias agudas são a primeira causa de consultas e internações nos meses de inverno e a asma ocupa é a mais importante. O salbutamol é um broncodilatador com eficácia comprovada nas exacerbações e é usado como tratamento de primeira linha. O objetivo desta comunicação é analisar dois casos clínicos de crianças asmáticas que apresentaram efeitos adversos ao salbutamol e necessitaram de internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Propõe-se revisar os efeitos adversos do salbutamol utilizado na crise asmática e analisar as alternativas terapêuticas nessa doença. Os sintomas de efeitos colaterais podem ser confundidos com os causados pela própria doença, determinando o uso excessivo desse medicamento, sendo importante conhecer o perfil posológico e caracterizar os possíveis efeitos colaterais nos pacientes para fazer um uso racional e seguro desse medicamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Acidosis, Lactic , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Albuterol/adverse effects , Hyperglycemia/chemically induced , Hypokalemia/chemically induced , Psychomotor Agitation/etiology , Recurrence , Asthma/drug therapy , Tachycardia/chemically induced , Tremor/chemically induced , Hallucinations/chemically induced
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(11): 1343-1348, Nov. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057074

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate chronological age as a limiting factor to perform the bronchodilator test, determine significant adverse effects of short-acting beta 2 agonists with clinical repercussions, and assess bronchodilator response in extreme-old-age patients who undergo the spirometry test. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample was extracted from the database (spirometer and respiratory questionnaire) of a pulmonary function service. Patients over 90 years old were included in the research, and we evaluated their bronchodilator response and its significant adverse effects that may have clinical repercussions related to the bronchodilator. RESULTS: A sample of 25 patients aged 92.12 ± 2.22 years (95% CI, 91.20 - 93.04), with a minimum age of 90 years and a maximum of 97 years and a predominance of females with 72% (18/25). The bronchodilator test was performed in 84% (21/25) of the patients. The bronchodilator response was evaluated in 19 of the 21 patients (90.47%) who underwent the bronchodilator test. Two tests did not meet the criteria of acceptability and reproducibility. No clinical adverse effects were observed with the bronchodilator medication (salbutamol) during or after the exam. CONCLUSIONS: Chronological age is not a limiting factor for the bronchodilator test, short-acting beta-2 agonists did not present adverse effects with significant clinical repercussion and were useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic guidance of extreme-old-age patients.


RESUMO OBJETIVOS: Avaliar se idade cronológica é um fator limitante para realizar prova broncodilatadora, determinar efeitos adversos significativos com repercussão clínica dos beta-2 agonistas de curta ação e avaliar a resposta broncodilatadora na espirometria, na velhice extrema. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo. Amostra extraída do banco de dados (espirômetro e questionário respiratório) de um serviço de função pulmonar. Incluídos na pesquisa pacientes com ≥90 anos, sendo avaliados a resposta broncodilatadora e efeitos adversos significativos com repercussão clínica ao broncodilatador. RESULTADOS: Amostra de 25 pacientes com idade de 92,12 ± 2,22 anos (IC 95%; 91,20 - 93,04), idade mínima de 90 anos e máxima de 97 anos, predominando o sexo feminino, com 72% (18/25). A prova broncodilatadora foi realizada em 84% (21/25) dos pacientes. A avaliação da resposta ao broncodilatador foi feita em 19 dos 21 pacientes (90,47%) que realizaram a prova broncodilatadora, uma vez que dois desses exames não preencheram os critérios de aceitabilidade e reprodutibilidade. A resposta broncodilatadora foi significativa em 10,52% (2/19) dos pacientes, ambos portadores de pneumopatia obstrutiva. Não foram observados efeitos adversos com repercussão clínica da medicação broncodilatadora (salbutamol) durante ou após sua realização. CONCLUSÕES: A idade cronológica não é um fator limitante para a realização da prova broncodilatadora, os beta-2 agonistas de curta ação não apresentaram efeitos adversos com repercussão clínica significativa e foram bastante úteis para auxiliar no diagnóstico e orientação terapêutica na velhice extrema.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Spirometry/methods , Bronchial Provocation Tests/methods , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Aging , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/administration & dosage , Spirometry/adverse effects , Bronchial Provocation Tests/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/adverse effects
3.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul ; 22(1): e001077, abr. 2019. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015125

ABSTRACT

La bronquiolitis es una infección respiratoria aguda baja de causa viral, de aparición invernal, que es común en bebés de 0a 12 meses de edad. Conduce a que las vías respiratorias pequeñas se inflamen y se llenen de desechos, obstruyéndose.El bebé tiene una tos fuerte, secreción nasal, generalmente fiebre y puede presentar sibilancias dificultad respiratoria ydesaturación de oxígeno. Tras la presentación de un caso en la guardia se generó una controversia científica sobre lautilidad de los broncodilatadores en pacientes con bronquiolitis. Luego de realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica y seleccionarla evidencia más reciente y de mejor calidad, se concluye que la evidencia no apoya el uso de broncodilatadores enpacientes con bronquiolitis.(AU)


Bronchiolitis is a low acute respiratory lower respiratory tract infection of viral origin, winter appearance, which is commonin babies from 0 to 12 months of age. It causes the small airways in the lungs to become inflamed and fill with debris. Theinfant has a harsh cough, runny nose, usually fever and may have wheezing, respiratory distress and oxygen desaturation.After the presentation of a case in the emergency department, a scientific controversy was generated about the usefulnessof bronchodilators in patients with bronchiolitis. After conducting a literature search and selecting the most recent and bestquality evidence, it is concluded that evidence does not support the use of bronchodilators in patients with bronchioliTIS.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Bronchiolitis/drug therapy , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Albuterol/administration & dosage , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Bronchiolitis/diagnosis , Epinephrine/adverse effects , Respiratory Sounds/diagnosis , Cough/prevention & control , Albuterol/adverse effects , Albuterol/therapeutic use , Fever/prevention & control
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(7): 931-936, jul. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794007

ABSTRACT

We report a 41-year-old man with HIV and a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, treated for seven months with Fluticasone/Salmeterol and antiretroviral therapy (Lamivudine, Tenofovir, Atazanavir and Ritonavir). While using these medications, the patients developed a Cushing syndrome in a period of five months. After performing laboratory and imaging tests, it was concluded that the most probable cause of the syndrome was the interaction of inhaled steroids with Ritonavir. After discontinuing these medications the syndrome reverted in a period of 8 months.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Protease Inhibitors/adverse effects , Cushing Syndrome/chemically induced , Salmeterol Xinafoate/adverse effects , Fluticasone/adverse effects , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Cushing Syndrome/diagnosis , Drug Interactions , Salmeterol Xinafoate/therapeutic use , Fluticasone/therapeutic use
5.
Bol. Asoc. Argent. Odontol. Niños ; 44(3): 2-6, ene.-abr. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794305

ABSTRACT

El asma es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que provoca que las vías respiratorias se estrechen y dificulta la respiración. La medicación para el asma incluye broncodilatadores y fármacos anticolinérgicos. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de erosión dental en los niños que reciben salbutamol cmo medicación broncodilatadora y establecer diferencias con aquellos sin afecciones respiratorias. Métodos: la muestra incluyó 100 niños, 50 de ellos medicados usaqndo un inhalador de salbutamol a lo largo de los 9 meses anteriores al estudio (Md 5 años 6m) y 50 sin patología respiratoria. Los padres de los niños completaron un cuestionario del consumo de bebidas. Se llevaron a cabo exámenes dentales y se determinó la pérdida de tejido dental según índice de SyK y CDHS. Procesamiento estadístico: se utilizaron media, mediana, DS, distribución de frecuencias y chi cuadrado. Resultados: se observó erosión dental en el 52 por ciento de los niños medicados y en el 42 por ciento de los no medicados. Los niños con medicación y consumo de bebidas diarias presentaron erosión en un 64,7 por ciento y consumo fines de semana 50 por ciento. Los niños sin medicación y consumo de bebidas diarias presentaron erosión enb un 34,8 por ciento y consumo fines de semana 31,2 por ciento. No se observó asociación entre medicación y erosión dental. No ser observaron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos ni en la frecuencia de consumo de bebidas ácidas. Conclusión: en ambos grupos existe una alta prevalencia de erosión dental, no mostrando asociación entre la medicación y la erosión dental...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Asthma/complications , Asthma/epidemiology , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Tooth Erosion/epidemiology , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Dental Enamel/injuries , Albuterol/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Chi-Square Distribution , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Carbonated Beverages/statistics & numerical data
7.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 51(3): 681-688, July-Sept. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-766306

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate both functionally and structurally bronchodilator effects of Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP38) and acetyl-[Ala15, Ala20] PACAP38-polyamide, a potent PACAP38 analog, in rats challenged by methacholine (MeCh). Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups. Groups 1 and 2 inhaled respectively aerosols of saline or increasing doses of MeCh (0.5, 1, 2.12, 4.25, 8.5, 17, 34 and 68mg/L). The other groups received terbutaline (Terb) (250 µg/rat) (10-6 M), PACAP38 (50 µg/rat) (0.1 mM) or PACAP38 analog (50 µg/rat) associated to MeCh from the dose of 4.25 mg/L. Total lung resistances (RL) were recorded before and 2 min after MeCh administration by pneumomultitest equipment. MeCh administration induced a significant and a dose-dependent increase (p<0.05) of RL compared to control rats. Terb, PACAP38 and PACAP38 analog reversed significantly the MeCh-induced bronchial constriction, smooth muscle (SM) layer thickness and bronchial lumen mucus abundance. PACAP38 analog prevents effectively bronchial smooth muscle layer thickness, mucus hypersecretion and lumen decrease. Therefore, it may constitute a potent therapeutic bronchodilator.


O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar funcionalmente e estruturalmente efeito broncodilatador do peptídeo ativador da adenilato ciclase pituitária (PACAP1-38) e da acetil-[Ala15, Ala20]PACAP 38-poliamida, potente análogo do PACAP-38, nos ratos desafiados pelo metacolina (MeCh). Ratos Wistar machos foram aleatoriamente divididos em cinco grupos. Grupos 1 e 2, inalando aerossóis de solução salina ou doses crescentes de MeCh (0,5, 1, 2,12, 4,25, 8,5, 17, 34 e 68 mg/L). Os outros grupos recebendo terbutalina (Terb) (250 µg/rato) (10-6M), PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) (0.1 mM) ou análogo do PACAP-38 (50 µg/rato) associados a MeCh na dose de 4,25 mg/L. A resistência pulmonar total (RL) foi registrada antes e 2 min após a administração de Mech pelo equipamento pneumomultiteste. A administração MeCh induziu aumento significativo e dose dependente (p<0,05) de RL em comparação com ratos do grupo controle. Terb e PACAP1-38 e análogo do PACAP-38 reverteram, significativamente, a constrição brônquica induzida por Mech, a espessura do músculo liso (SM) e abundância de muco do lume brônquico. O análogo PACAP-38 do mesmo modo que a Terb impediu a responsividade brônquica a MeCh e pode se constituir em um importante regulador no desenvolvimento da doença inflamatório pulmonar. Contudo, o uso do peptídeo nativo para aplicações terapêuticas é limitado por sua baixa estabilidade metabólica. Consequentemente, o análogo metabolicamente estável representa ferramenta promissora no tratamento de doenças pulmonares inflamatórias.


Subject(s)
Rats , Adenylyl Cyclases/analysis , Methacholine Chloride/analysis , Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/analysis , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Methacholine Chloride/pharmacokinetics , Lung Diseases/rehabilitation
8.
J. bras. pneumol ; 37(6): 745-751, nov.-dez. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610906

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar o papel do broncodilatador no tempo de apneia voluntária máxima em pacientes com distúrbios ventilatórios obstrutivos (DVOs). MÉTODOS: Estudo caso-controle incluindo pacientes com DVOs e grupo controle. Foram realizadas espirometrias antes e após o uso de broncodilatador, assim como testes de apneia respiratória, utilizando-se um microprocessador eletrônico e um pneumotacógrafo como transdutor de fluxo. As curvas de fluxo respiratório foram exibidas em tempo real em um computador portátil, e os tempos de apneia voluntária inspiratória e expiratória máximos (TAVIM e TAVEM, respectivamente) foram determinados a partir do sinal adquirido. RESULTADOS: Um total de 35 pacientes com DVOs e 16 controles foram incluídos no estudo. O TAVIM sem o uso de broncodilatador foi significativamente menor no grupo DVO que no grupo controle (22,27 ± 11,81 s vs. 31,45 ± 15,73; p = 0,025), mas essa diferença não foi significativa após o uso de broncodilatador (24,94 ± 12,89 s vs. 31,67 ± 17,53 s). Os valores de TAVEM foram significativamente menores no grupo DVO que no grupo controle antes (16,88 ± 6,58 s vs. 22,09 ± 7,95 s; p = 0,017) e após o uso de broncodilatador (21,22 ± 9,37 s vs. 28,53 ± 12,46 s; p = 0,024). CONCLUSÕES: Estes resultados fornecem uma evidência adicional da utilidade clínica do teste de apneia na avaliação da função pulmonar e do papel do broncodilatador nesse teste.


OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of bronchodilators in the maximal breath-hold time in patients with obstructive lung disease (OLD). METHODS: We conducted a case-control study including patients with OLD and a control group. Spirometric tests were performed prior to and after the use of a bronchodilator, as were breath-hold tests, using an electronic microprocessor and a pneumotachograph as a flow transducer. Respiratory flow curves were displayed in real time on a portable computer. The maximal breath-hold times at end-inspiratory volume and at end-expiratory volume (BHTmaxV EI and BHTmaxV EE, respectively) were determined from the acquired signal. RESULTS: A total of 35 patients with OLD and 16 controls were included. Prior to the use of a bronchodilator, the BHTmaxV EI was significantly lower in the OLD group than in the control group (22.27 ± 11.81 s vs. 31.45 ± 15.73 s; p = 0.025), although there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the post-bronchodilator values (24.94 ± 12.89 s vs. 31.67 ± 17.53 s). In contrast, BHTmaxV EE values were significantly lower in the OLD group than in the control group, in the pre- and post-bronchodilator tests (16.88 ± 6.58 s vs. 22.09 ± 7.95 s; p = 0.017; and 21.22 ± 9.37 s vs. 28.53 ± 12.46 s; p = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide additional evidence of the clinical usefulness of the breath-hold test in the assessment of pulmonary function and add to the existing knowledge regarding the role of the bronchodilator in this test.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiration/drug effects , Case-Control Studies , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates/drug effects , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
9.
Rev. colomb. neumol ; 22(2)jun. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-652651

ABSTRACT

Existe evidencia que muestra que pacientes asmáticos con exposición a broncodilatadores beta-agonistas de larga acción (BALA), en quienes no se garantiza el tratamiento controlador anti-inflamatorio simultáneo con corticoides inhalados (ICS), pueden presentar eventos de empeoramiento del asma muy infrecuentes, pero severos y potencialmente mortales. No es claro si este hallazgo puede ser debido a eventos adversos asociados con el mecanismo de acción de los BALA, o a enmascaramiento de la severidad del asma. No existe evidencia derivada de experimentos clínicos en seres humanos que sugiera que pacientes con exposición a BALA, en quienes se garantiza el tratamiento controlador anti-inflamatorio simultáneo con ICS, puedan presentar eventos severos de empeoramiento del asma potencialmente mortales. De igual forma, tampoco hay evidencia conclusiva de presencia de riesgo derivada de meta-análisis y de estudios observacionales. Desafortunadamente, tampoco existe evidencia conclusiva de ausencia de riesgo. El juicio de valor que se le asigna al balance de riesgo-beneficio de los BALA+CSI puede variar entre médicos, pacientes, reguladores, y epidemiólogos. Este balance ha sido discutido extensamente. En general, hay consenso que este balance está a favor de mantener disponible las combinaciones de BALA+CSI para los pacientes con asma. En esta revisión se enuncian las principales recomendaciones con respecto a su utilización, basadas en la evidencia actual.


Subject(s)
Asthma/therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects
10.
Neumol. pediátr ; 5(2): 96-99, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-588442

ABSTRACT

A pesar del uso de corticoides inhalados en el tratamiento del asma bronquial existe un número variable de pacientes que no logran el control de su enfermedad. En estos casos, una de las alternativas terapéuticas propuesta por diversas guías clínicas es la adición de beta 2 agonistas de acción prolongada. Este articulo, revisa las características farmacológicas, posibles efectos adversos y las indicaciones en niños.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/pharmacology , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/pharmacology , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/adverse effects , Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology , Combined Modality Therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
11.
Clinics ; 64(1): 5-10, 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-501880

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether exhaled nitric oxide may serve as a marker of intraoperative bronchospasm. INTRODUCTION: Intraoperative bronchospasm remains a challenging event during anesthesia. Previous studies in asthmatic patients suggest that exhaled nitric oxide may represent a noninvasive measure of airway inflammation. METHODS: A total of 146,358 anesthesia information forms, which were received during the period from 1999 to 2004, were reviewed. Bronchospasm was registered on 863 forms. From those, three groups were identified: 9 non-asthmatic patients (Bronchospasm group), 12 asthmatics (Asthma group) and 10 subjects with no previous airway disease or symptoms (Control group). All subjects were submitted to exhaled nitric oxide measurements (parts/billion), spirometry and the induced sputum test. The data was compared by ANOVA followed by the Tukey test and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's test. RESULTS: The normal lung function test results for the Bronchospasm group were different from those of the asthma group (p <0.05). The median percentage of eosinophils in induced sputum was higher for the Asthma [2.46 (0.45-6.83)] compared with either the Bronchospasm [0.55 (0-1.26)] or the Control group [0.0 (0)] (p <0.05); exhaled nitric oxide followed a similar pattern for the Asthma [81.55 (57.6-86.85)], Bronchospasm [46.2 (42.0 -62.6] and Control group [18.7 (16.0-24.7)] (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Non-asthmatic patients with intraoperative bronchospasm detected during anesthesia and endotracheal intubation showed increased expired nitric oxide.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anesthesia/adverse effects , Bronchial Spasm/chemically induced , Exhalation/drug effects , Inflammation Mediators/analysis , Intraoperative Complications/chemically induced , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Analysis of Variance , Anesthesia, Inhalation , Asthma/diagnosis , Bronchial Spasm/diagnosis , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Eosinophils , Inflammation Mediators/adverse effects , Nitric Oxide/adverse effects , Spirometry , Sputum/chemistry , Young Adult
12.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 84(4): 373-376, jul.-ago. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-511755

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os valores de cortisol basal em asmáticos persistentes em uso de propionato de fluticasona inalatório na dose de 200 ou 300 mcg/dia. MÉTODOS: O diagnóstico e a classificação da gravidade da asma basearam-se nas recomendações do Global Initiative for Asthma. Pacientes menores de 11 anos receberam fluticasona na dose de 200 mcg/dia, e aqueles com mais de 11 anos receberam 300 mcg/dia. Após 10 semanas de tratamento, a dosagem do cortisol foi realizada para avaliação da função adrenal. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 41 pacientes (65,9 por cento do sexo masculino) entre 6 e 18 anos. Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias de cortisol basal nos pacientes que receberam 200 mcg/dia de propionato de fluticasona (n = 13) e naqueles que receberam 300 mcg/dia (n = 28). CONCLUSÕES: Os achados mostram que doses baixas a moderadas de propionato de fluticasona não causam supressão adrenal.


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate basal plasma cortisol in persistent asthmatics on inhaled fluticasone propionate 200 mcg/day and 300 mcg/day. METHODS: Asthma diagnosis and classification was based on Global Initiative for Asthma recommendations. Patients aged 11 years old or less received fluticasone propionate 200 mcg/day and those older than 11 years received 300 mcg/day. After 10 weeks of treatment, plasma cortisol levels were monitored to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. RESULTS: Forty-one patients (65.9 percent males) aged 6 to 18 years old were evaluated. No statistical differences were found between plasma cortisol levels in patients who received 200 mcg/day (n = 13) and those who received 300 mcg/day (n = 28). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that low and moderate doses of fluticasone propionate do not cause adrenal suppression.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Androstadienes/administration & dosage , Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Hydrocortisone/blood , Administration, Inhalation , Androstadienes/adverse effects , Asthma/blood , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Severity of Illness Index
13.
Rev. Soc. Boliv. Pediatr ; 47(2): 103-110, 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-652455

ABSTRACT

Los medicamentos para tratar el asma utilizan fundamentalmente la vía inhaladora. La utilidad de los espaciadores con válvulas (aerocámaras) está demostrada; sin embargo, recientemente se ha propuesto como alternativa más económica el uso de espaciadores sin válvula. La eficacia clínica de éstos no se ha demostrado hasta el momento.


Subject(s)
Bronchodilator Agents , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/metabolism
14.
Biomedica. 2007; 23 (July-December): 88-91
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-81968

ABSTRACT

This study was performed to see the extent and magnitude of drug induced excessive crying in infants and to know the causative drugs, from July 2005 to June 2006. It is a prospective and descriptive study. All children under 1 year of age, who presented with excessive crying of recent onset as the main complaint and were receiving some medicines were included in the study. After getting detailed history [particularly drug history], the problem was explained to the parents, the suspected drug was stopped and the patients were called back for follow up after 48-96 hours. If the crying had not stopped, the diagnosis was reconsidered and patient was excluded from study analysis. If the crying had stopped, it was assumed that the drug was the cause of excessive crying. All the included patients were studied for age, diagnosis, month of the year, geographical origin and the causative drugs. A total of 227 patients were included in the analysis; out of this, 44 [19.38%] were less than imonth of age while 183 patients [80.62%] were above 1 month, 143 patients were suffering from upper respiratory infection and 78 from wheezy chest. Majority of the patients presented during winter months. About 3/4th of the patients were from D. I. Khan district but the remaining 1/4th were from nearby and remote districts like Mianwali and Layyah. Most frequent causative drug was Rondec-D drops [Abbot] in 13o patients. Other drugs were various cough preparations, promethazine [Phenergan], brochodilators, anti-emetics, metronidazole, anti-histamines, various herbal preparations, phenolbarbitone and various anti-diarrhoeals in a decreasing order of frequency. This problem can be reduced by avoiding these medicines in below 1-2 years of age. It is therefore recommended that these above drugs should not be promoted for use in infants and Rondec-D drops and other similar preparations may be withdrawn from the market


Subject(s)
Humans , Irritable Mood/drug effects , Prospective Studies , Seasons , Dextromethorphan/adverse effects , /adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Antiemetics/adverse effects , Metronidazole/adverse effects , Ephedrine , Pyridines , Infant
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(1): 60-64, ene. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-426119

ABSTRACT

Background: The use of inhaled steroids is common in the treatment of bronchial asthma in children. Aim: To assess adrenocortical function in children with severe asthma receiving inhaled budesonide for six or more months. Material and methods: Children with severe asthma that required 800 µg/day or more of inhaled budesonide and that did not required systemic steroids for more than six days in the last four months to control their disease, were studied. Serum cortisol was measured one hour after administration of 0.25 mg of ACTH (Cosyntropin®) intravenously. The test was considered normal if post stimulation serum cortisol was over 18 µg/ml. Results: Twenty children (aged 5 to 14 years, 15 males), were studied. The stimulation test was normal in 17 children. Conclusions: Alterations in adrenal function are present in a small proportion of asthmatic children who require 800 µg/day of inhaled budesonide.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Adrenal Cortex/drug effects , Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Budesonide/administration & dosage , Hydrocortisone/blood , Administration, Inhalation , Adrenal Cortex Function Tests , Asthma/blood , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Budesonide/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
18.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 81(3): 193-197, maio-jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-406671

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Apresentar evidências sobre a segurança da nebulização com 3 a 5 ml de adrenalina (1:1000) no tratamento das crianças com obstrução inflamatória aguda das vias aéreas. FONTES DE DADOS: Uma busca eletrônica foi feita, utilizando-se, principalmente, o banco de dados do MEDLINE (janeiro de 1949 a julho de 2004). Os critérios de inclusão do estudo para esta revisão foram: 1) ensaio clínico randomizado; 2) pacientes (até 12 anos) com diagnós tico de bronquiolite ou laringotraqueobronquite; 3) uso de adrenalina (1:1000) através de nebulização. Os principais dados extraídos dos ensaios dizem respeito a doses de adrenalina e seus efeitos sobre a freqüência cardíaca e a pressão arterial sistêmica, bem como outros efeitos colaterais. SíNTESE DOS DADOS: Sete ensaios clínicos, com um total de 238 pacientes, foram incluídos para esta revisão. Dos cinco ensaios clínicos nos quais a maior dose (> 3 ml) de adrenalina foi usada, dois demonstraram aumento significativo de freqüência cardíaca. O aumento médio de freqüência cardíaca variou de sete a 21 batimentos por minuto, até 60 minutos após o tratamento. A maior incidência de palidez foi observada em um ensaio clínico com 21 crianças tratadas com 3 ml de adrenalina através de nebulização (47,6 por cento no grupo de adrenalina versus 14,3 por cento no grupo de salbutamol, 30 minutos após o tratamento). Não foram observados, em dois ensaios clínicos, efeitos significativos em nebulização com adrenalina (4 e 5 ml) na pressão arterial sistêmica. CONCLUSAO: As evidências mostram que nebulização com 3 a 5 ml de adrenalina (1:1000) é uma terapia segura, com poucos efeitos colaterais, em crianças com obstrução inflamatória aguda das vias aéreas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Bronchiolitis/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Laryngitis/drug therapy , Tracheitis/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Administration, Inhalation , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Evidence-Based Medicine , Epinephrine/adverse effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
19.
São Paulo; s.n; 2005. [62] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-433577

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Tanto o oxigênio quanto os broncodilatadores diminuem a dispnéia e melhoram a tolerância ao exercício de pacientes com DPOC estável. A sua eficácia relativa bem como a da combinação das duas terapias não foram previamente avaliadas no mesmo indivíduo / Introduction: Both oxygen therapy and bronchodilatators reduce exertional breathlessness and improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable COPD. However their relative effectiveness and the value of their combined use on exercise performance has not been assessed...


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Dyspnea , Exercise
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